According to the biographers of the Russian military leader, a talented commander, Alexander Vasilievich Suvorov grew up a frail and sickly boy. But his parents named him in honor of the prince, who laid the foundations of Russian victorious tactics, Alexander Nevsky, and already at the age of 15, young Sasha entered military service. We will not go deep into the facts of the biography of the Russian military leader, but simply consider the most high-profile victories of Alexander Suvorov.
1
The Battle of Kozlugi
In 1768, another war between Russia and Turkey began. Russia sought to go to the shores of the Black Sea, and the Turks fought stubbornly. The future field marshal served then with the rank of lieutenant general.
Military corps in the South were supposed to take Shumlu fortress in 1774, but on the way was the town of Kozludzhi, where the 40-thousandth Turkish army became a camp. Kamensky’s division and Suvorov’s corps, with a total number of 24 thousand people, are located in the Deliormann Forest. The battle began on June 9, 1774, when a Russian reconnaissance detachment stumbled upon the defenses of the Turks.
The skillful actions of the Russian commanders forced the Turks to retreat, and the commander personally led his battalion in three attacks. 500 dead Turks and 75 Russian soldiers remained on the battlefield. 29 Turkish guns were captured as trophies, and 10 soldiers and officers were captured.
2
Battle of Kinburn Spit
At the very beginning of the war of 1787-1891 with Turkey, General-General Chef Suvorov led the command of the Kinburn corps. The corps was supposed to reflect the attacks of the enemy, and to prevent landing in the territory from the Bug to the Perekop Isthmus.
The Turks launched a siege of Kinburn Fortress with great forces. October 1, 1787 5 thousand Turkish soldiers went on the assault. At their disposal were 400 guns, from which they fired at the defenders of the fortress. Suvorov, who commanded 4,000 defenders, allowed the Turks 200 steps ahead, after which the Russians launched a counterattack.
As a result of the second attack, the Turks left their positions. And they began to hastily retreat to their ships. By 10 o’clock the battle ended in victory for the Russian troops. In battle, the celebrated commander was wounded in the arm. And after treatment, he was awarded Catherine II Order of St. Andrew the First-Called.
3
Ochakov
A significant episode in the military biography of the military leader. The siege of Ochakova had been going on for several months, but Potemkin did not allow Alexander Vasilyevich to go on the main assault.
The Turks made daily sorties, and on July 27, 1788, a 3,000-strong Ottoman detachment attacked the positions of the Russian corps. Two grenadier battalions Suvorov himself led the attack. They threw back the Turks, but the general was wounded in battle, and he was carried away from position.
The wounded commander persuaded the commander to go into the fortress on the shoulders of the retreating enemy, but Potemkin did not dare to do so. This day went down in history under the sign of yet another brilliant victory of Alexander Suvorov over superior enemy forces. The delay in Grigory Potemkin led to the siege lasting another 6 months, and Ochakov was taken only in December.
4
Battle of Focsani
In the war of 1787-1791, the Austrians acted as allies of Russia, sending the corps of Friedrich Coburg to the theater of war, numbering 18,000 soldiers and officers.
Suvorov had to work closely with the Austrians. At the disposal of the general was 7 thousand soldiers. Near the town of Fokshany, where there was the only crossing across the Prut, a 30,000-strong Turkish corps led by Yusuf Pasha was concentrated. The Allied forces began moving forward to the crossing, and on July 21, 1789 at 10 a.m. Turkish artillery launched a massive shelling of Russian-Austrian positions.
Suppressing the fire of the Turks with return fire, the general led his corps on the offensive, and by 13 o’clock the Turkish troops had fled. The Austrians covered the flanks, and at the same time knocked out Turkish soldiers from the monastery of St. John. Turkish troops were missing 1,600 people killed, 12 guns were left on the battlefield. In the camp of the Allies, losses amounted to 400 people.
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5
Battle of the Rymnik River
After the war, military historians and officials will call this battle one of the main in a series of military campaigns of 1787-1891. After Fokshan, Turkish units, numbering 100 thousand people, strengthened near the Rymnik River, and the command of the Russian corps was tasked with continuing to advance deep into Ottoman territory.
On September 11, 1789, Russian forces, crossing the river, resolutely attacked the positions of the Turkish army on the move. After 1.5 km, the Russian corps came under artillery fire. Suvorov ordered the fire to be suppressed by return fire, and he himself built a defense to repulse the counterattack of the Turkish cavalry.
Having taken the position of the Turks near the village of Bokzy, the general-general decided to attack the Turkish fortifications from the flank. The cavalry broke into the Turkish camp, after which the soldiers of Yusuf Pasha began to retreat. Ottoman losses amounted to various sources from 15 to 20 thousand people killed. Russian and Austrian troops lost 500 soldiers in the battle.
6
The assault of Ishmael
Alexander Suvorov received the order for the assault on Izmail from the commander of the South Russian Army, Grigory Potemkin. Two previous attempts to take the fortress undertaken by Repin and Potemkin ended in failure.
The principle of “hard in learning - easy in battle” was fully implemented under Ishmael. For 6 days, the general trained his soldiers to take the walls, building wooden mock-ups. On the night of December 10-11, at the signal of a rocket, columns of Russian troops launched an assault. In the morning the assault began from all sides, including from the sea.
Having mastered the ramparts and fortifications, Russian columns broke into the fortress, where fierce battles ensued. At 4 hours, 23 hours after the start of the attack, the Turkish troops surrendered. During the assault, 26,000 Turkish soldiers and officers were killed. Russian battalions lost 2 136 people killed and more than 3 thousand wounded.
7
Storming Prague
On the left bank of the Vistula, a suburb of Warsaw, Prague became the scene of a clash between the Polish army and the corps of Alexander Suvorov.
After the second partition of Poland, an uprising broke out, which Suvorov fell to suppress. In Prague, connected to Warsaw by a bridge, the Poles created a well-fortified camp. The Russian commander before the assault, having studied the disposition well, divided his troops into seven equal columns. All day September 23, 1794, artillery fired at Polish positions, and in the evening an order was given to storm.
The first column blocked the bridge, and the rest broke into the camp of the Poles. By 9 a.m. on September 24, the battle ended with the unconditional victory of the Russian troops. For this brilliant operation, the commander received the highest rank of the Russian army - Field Marshal.
8
Battle on the shores of Adda
At the end of the 18th century, Europe burned with constant wars. European powers tried to pacify Napoleon's upstart. Russia joined the second anti-French coalition.
The first clash during the Italian campaign of Suvorov with the French occurred at the crossing of the Addu River on April 15-17, 1799. Against the united Russian-Austrian forces, the French soldiers of General Jean Moreau spoke out.
Suvorov defeated the army in two. One, forcing Adda, attacked the French front. The second part came to the rear of the enemy. Cramped by the allied forces, the French began a retreat. Of the 28 thousand soldiers of the Moreau army, only 18 thousand reached Genoa. The victory allowed the Russians and the Austrians to immediately capture Milan.
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9
Battle of Trebbia
On the river Trebbia, which flows along the north of Italy, in early June 1799, Napoleon’s army detachments converged with the military units of Russia and Austria. As part of the French, Polish legions also fought.
The general command of the Russian-Austrian troops, numbering 25 thousand people, was carried out by Suvorov. Against them came 36 thousand French and Poles. For 36 hours, Suvorov’s soldiers traveled nearly 80 km and entered the battle from the march on the evening of June 6. The French, having received reinforcements, launched a counterattack, but Suvorov did not change his tactics, and continued to press the front of the Neapolitan army.
The next day, the French suffered heavy losses, and on the night of June 8, the command decides not to resume the offensive, and began to withdraw. Russian troops continued the persecution, and the losses of the French on the shores of Trebbia ranged from 23 to 25 thousand.
10
Battle of Novi
Another episode of the Italian campaign. On August 15, 1799, the forces of a coalition and the French army in Italy came together near the town of Novi. The second continued to command one of the illustrious generals of Napoleon JV. Moreau.
Early in the morning, the Austrians attacked the left flank of the French, and Suvorov attacked the center and the right flank in two columns with ledges in two columns. After the initial success, the Austrians began to give up their positions. Suvorov gradually introduced new forces into the battle, and by 5 o’clock in the evening, Novy was occupied by Derfelden’s corps as a result of 5 attacks.
The French, having lost 10 thousand dead, retreated. In the battle of Novi, 1,300 soldiers of the anti-Napoleonic coalition died. This battle became the longest and most bloody of all, led by Alexander Suvorov.
Conclusion
The most significant work of the commander is the Science of Victory. During his glorious military career, Alexander Suvorov did not suffer a single defeat, and victories were gained by small forces over the superior enemy. He was awarded domestic and foreign awards, including two times received the Golden weapon “For courage”. Among his merits are works on military tactics, and for the Russians he became a real national hero.